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[null,"Baseline assessment tool for hypertension in adults: diagnosis and management (NICE clinical guideline NG136)"]
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[null,"This baseline assessment tool can be used to evaluate whether practice is in line with the recommendations in Hypertension in adults: diagnosis and management.  It can also help to plan activity to meet the recommendations."]
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[null,"The tool can be used by individual services or organisations. Alternatively, an assessment completed with the involvement of all relevant services or organisations would help to develop a picture of activity in the local area."]
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[null,"It should be used in conjunction with Hypertension in adults: diagnosis and management (NICE clinical guideline NG136)."]
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[null,"In the first instance, consider whether the guideline is relevant and record the conclusion in the box below."]
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[null,"Is the guideline relevant?"]
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[null,"The data sheet contains the recommendations from the guideline. Information can be entered about current activity relevant to the recommendation, actions needed to meet the recommendation, deadlines and the names of the responsible leads.  Useful documents can be added as hyperlinks."]
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[null,"The table can be adapted to include any other local information that is thought to be useful."]
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[null,"If it would be helpful to group the recommendations, for example those that are key priorities for implementation or by deadline, use the filter function in the data menu. "]
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[null,"Tools and resources to help put the guidance into practice are available on the NICE website. "]
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[null,"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence\nLevel 1A, City Tower, Piccadilly Plaza, Manchester M1 4BT; www.nice.org.uk\n\nCopyright\n© NICE 2019. All rights reserved. Subject to Notice of rights.\n"]

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[null,"Baseline assessment tool for hypertension in adults: diagnosis and management (NICE clinical guideline NG136)"]
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[null,null,null,null,null,"Number of relevant recommendations",{"$f":"COUNTIF(E8:E94,\"Yes\")","v":0}]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Number of recommendations met",{"$f":"COUNTIF(G8:G94,\"Yes\")","v":0}]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Percentage of recommendations met",{"$f":"IF(ISERROR(G4/G3),\"\",G4/G3)","v":""}]
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[null,"NICE recommendation","Guideline reference","Year of recommendation","Is the recommendation relevant?","Current activity/evidence","Recommendation met?","Actions needed to implement recommendation","Is there a risk associated with not implementing this recommendation?","Is there a cost or saving?","Deadline","Lead"]
[null,"1.1   Measuring blood pressure"]
[null,"Ensure that healthcare professionals taking blood pressure measurements have adequate initial training and periodic review of their performance. ","1.1.1",2004]
[null,"Because automated devices may not measure blood pressure accurately if there is pulse irregularity (for example, due to atrial fibrillation), palpate the radial or brachial pulse before measuring blood pressure. If pulse irregularity is present, measure blood pressure manually using direct auscultation over the brachial artery. ","1.1.2",2011]
[null,"Healthcare providers must ensure that devices for measuring blood pressure are properly validated, maintained and regularly recalibrated according to manufacturers' instructions. ","1.1.3",2004]
[null,"When measuring blood pressure in the clinic or in the home, standardise the environment and provide a relaxed, temperate setting, with the person quiet and seated, and their arm outstretched and supported. Use an appropriate cuff size for the person’s arm. ","1.1.4","2011, amended 2019"]
[null,"In people with symptoms of postural hypotension (falls or postural dizziness):\n•\tmeasure blood pressure with the person either supine or seated\n•\tmeasure blood pressure again with the person standing for at least 1 minute before measurement. ","1.1.5","2004, amended 2011"]
[null,"If the systolic blood pressure falls by 20 mmHg or more when the person is standing:\n•\treview medication\n•\tmeasure subsequent blood pressures with the person standing\n•\tconsider referral to specialist care if symptoms of postural hypotension persist.","1.1.6","2004, amended 2011"]
[null,"1.2  Diagnosing hypertension"]
[null,"When considering a diagnosis of hypertension, measure blood pressure in both arms:\n•\tIf the difference in readings between arms is more than 15 mmHg, repeat the measurements.\n•\tIf the difference in readings between arms remains more than 15 mmHg on the second measurement, measure subsequent blood pressures in the arm with the higher reading.","1.2.1",2019]
[null,"If blood pressure measured in the clinic is 140/90 mmHg or higher:\n•\tTake a second measurement during the consultation.\n•\tIf the second measurement is substantially different from the first, take a third measurement.\nRecord the lower of the last 2 measurements as the clinic blood pressure. ","1.2.2",2019]
[null,"If clinic blood pressure is between 140/90 mmHg and 180/120 mmHg, offer ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) to confirm the diagnosis of hypertension. See section 1.5 for people with a clinic blood pressure 180/120 mmHg or higher. ","1.2.3",2019]
[null,"If ABPM is unsuitable or the person is unable to tolerate it, offer home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) to confirm the diagnosis of hypertension. ","1.2.4",2019]
[null,"While waiting for confirmation of a diagnosis of hypertension, carry out:\n•\tinvestigations for target organ damage (see recommendation 1.3.3), followed by \n•\tformal assessment of cardiovascular risk using a cardiovascular risk assessment tool (see the section on full formal risk assessment in the NICE guideline on cardiovascular disease). ","1.2.5",2019]
[null,"When using ABPM to confirm a diagnosis of hypertension, ensure that at least 2 measurements per hour are taken during the person's usual waking hours (for example, between 08:00 and 22:00). Use the average value of at least 14 measurements taken during the person's usual waking hours to confirm a diagnosis of hypertension.","1.2.6",2011]
[null,"When using HBPM to confirm a diagnosis of hypertension, ensure that:\n•\tfor each blood pressure recording, 2 consecutive measurements are taken, at least 1 minute apart and with the person seated and\n•\tblood pressure is recorded twice daily, ideally in the morning and evening and\n•\tblood pressure recording continues for at least 4 days, ideally for 7 days.\nDiscard the measurements taken on the first day and use the average value of all the remaining measurements to confirm a diagnosis of hypertension. ","1.2.7",2011]
[null,"Confirm diagnosis of hypertension in people with a:\n•\tclinic blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or higher and\n•\tABPM daytime average or HBPM average of 135/85 mmHg or higher. ","1.2.8",2019]
[null,"If hypertension is not diagnosed but there is evidence of target organ damage, consider carrying out investigations for alternative causes of the target organ damage (for information on investigations, see the NICE guidelines on chronic kidney disease and chronic heart failure).","1.2.9"]
[null,"If hypertension is not diagnosed, measure the person's clinic blood pressure at least every 5 years subsequently, and consider measuring it more frequently if the person's clinic blood pressure is close to 140/90 mmHg. ","1.2.10",2011]
[null,"Measure blood pressure at least annually in an adult with type 2 diabetes without previously diagnosed hypertension or renal disease. Offer and reinforce preventive lifestyle advice.  [This recommendation is from type 2 diabetes in adults (NICE guideline NG28)] ","1.2.11",2009]
[null,"Consider the need for specialist investigations in people with signs and symptoms suggesting a secondary cause of hypertension. ","1.2.12","2004, amended 2011"]
[null,"1.3  Assessing cardiovascular risk and target organ damage"]
[null,"Use a formal estimation of cardiovascular risk to discuss prognosis and healthcare options with people with hypertension, both for raised blood pressure and other modifiable risk factors.","1.3.1",2004]
[null,"Estimate cardiovascular risk in line with the recommendations on identifying and assessing cardiovascular disease risk in NICE’s guideline on cardiovascular disease: risk assessment and reduction, including lipid modification. Use clinic blood pressure measurements to calculate cardiovascular risk. ","1.3.2",2008]
[null,"For all people with hypertension offer to:\n•\ttest for the presence of protein in the urine by sending a urine sample for estimation of the albumin: creatinine ratio and test for haematuria using a reagent strip\n•\ttake a blood sample to measure glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), electrolytes, creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol\n•\texamine the fundi for the presence of hypertensive retinopathy\n•\tarrange for a 12-lead electrocardiograph to be performed. ","1.3.3","2011, amended 2019"]
[null,"1.4  Treating and monitoring hypertension"]
[null,"Lifestyle interventions"]
[null,"Offer lifestyle advice to people with suspected or diagnosed hypertension, and continue to offer it periodically. ","1.4.1",2004]
[null,"Ask about people's diet and exercise patterns because a healthy diet and regular exercise can reduce blood pressure. Offer appropriate guidance and written or audiovisual materials to promote lifestyle changes. ","1.4.2",2004]
[null,"Ask about people's alcohol consumption and encourage a reduced intake if they drink excessively, because this can reduce blood pressure and has broader health benefits. See the recommendations for practice in the NICE guideline on alcohol-use disorders: prevention. ","1.4.3","2004, amended 2019"]
[null,"Discourage excessive consumption of coffee and other caffeine-rich products.","1.4.4",2004]
[null,"Encourage people to keep their dietary sodium intake low, either by reducing or substituting sodium salt, as this can reduce blood pressure.","1.4.5","2004, amended 2019"]
[null,"Do not offer calcium, magnesium or potassium supplements as a method for reducing blood pressure. ","1.4.6",2004]
[null,"Offer advice and help to smokers to stop smoking. See the NICE guideline on stop smoking interventions and services. ","1.4.7",2004]
[null,"Inform people about local initiatives by, for example, healthcare teams or patient organisations that provide support and promote healthy lifestyle change, especially those that include group work for motivating lifestyle change.","1.4.8",2004]
[null,"Starting antihypertensive drug treatment"]
[null,"Offer antihypertensive drug treatment in addition to lifestyle advice to adults of any age with persistent stage 2 hypertension. Use clinical judgement for people of any age with frailty or multimorbidity, (see also NICE’s guideline on multimorbidity).","1.4.9",2019]
[null,"Discuss starting antihypertensive drug treatment, in addition to lifestyle advice, with adults aged under 80 with persistent stage 1 hypertension who have 1 or more of the following:\n•\ttarget organ damage\n•\testablished cardiovascular disease\n•\trenal disease\n•\tdiabetes\n•\tan estimated 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease of 10% or more. \nUse clinical judgement for people with frailty or multimorbidity, (see also NICE’s guideline on multimorbidity. ","1.4.10",2019]
[null,"Discuss with the person their individual cardiovascular disease risk and their preferences for treatment, including no treatment, and explain the risks and benefits before starting antihypertensive drug treatment. Continue to offer lifestyle advice and support them to make lifestyle changes (see the section on lifestyle interventions) whether or not they choose to start antihypertensive drug treatment. ","1.4.11",2019]
[null,"Consider antihypertensive drug treatment in addition to lifestyle advice for adults aged under 60 with stage 1 hypertension and an estimated 10-year risk below 10%. Bear in mind that 10-year cardiovascular risk may underestimate the lifetime probability of developing cardiovascular disease. ","1.4.12",2019]
[null,"Consider antihypertensive drug treatment in addition to lifestyle advice for people aged over 80 with a clinic blood pressure of over 150/90 mmHg. Use clinical judgement for people with frailty or multimorbidity (see also NICE’s guideline on multimorbidity).","1.4.13",2019]
[null,"For adults aged under 40 with hypertension, consider seeking specialist evaluation of secondary causes of hypertension and a more detailed assessment of the long-term balance of treatment benefit and risks. ","1.4.14",2019]
[null,"Monitoring treatment and blood pressure targets"]
[null,"Use clinic blood pressure measurements to monitor the response to lifestyle changes or drug treatment in people with hypertension. ","1.4.15",2019]
[null,"Measure standing as well as seated blood pressure (see recommendation 1.1.6) in people with hypertension and:\n•\twith type 2 diabetes or \n•\twith symptoms of postural hypotension or \n•\taged 80 and over. \nIn people with a significant postural drop or symptoms of postural hypotension, treat to a blood pressure target based on standing blood pressure. ","1.4.16",2019]
[null,"Advise people with hypertension who choose to self-monitor their blood pressure to use HBPM. ","1.4.17",2019]
[null,"Consider ABPM or HBPM, in addition to clinic blood pressure measurements, for people with hypertension identified as having a white-coat effect or masked hypertension (in which clinic and non-clinic blood pressure results are conflicting). Be aware that the corresponding measurements for ABPM and HBPM are 5 mmHg lower than for clinic measurements (see recommendation 1.2.8 for diagnostic thresholds).","1.4.18",2019]
[null,"For people who choose to use HBPM, provide:\n•\ttraining and advice on using home blood pressure monitors\n•\tinformation about what to do if they are not achieving their target blood pressure.\nBe aware that the corresponding measurements for HBPM are 5 mmHg lower than for clinic measurements (see recommendation 1.2.8 for diagnostic thresholds). ","1.4.19",2019]
[null,"Reduce clinic blood pressure to below 140/90 mmHg and maintain that level in adults with hypertension aged under 80. ","1.4.20",2019]
[null,"Reduce clinic blood pressure to below 150/90 mmHg and maintain that level in adults with hypertension aged 80 and over. Use clinical judgement for people with frailty or multimorbidity (see also NICE’s guideline on multimorbidity). ","1.4.21",2019]
[null,"When using ABPM or HBPM to monitor the response to treatment in adults with hypertension, use the average blood pressure level taken during the person’s usual waking hours (see recommendations 1.2.6 and 1.2.7). Reduce and maintain blood pressure at the following levels:\n•\tbelow 135/85 mmHg for adults aged under 80\n•\tbelow 145/85 mmHg for adults aged 80 and over. \nUse clinical judgement for people with frailty or multimorbidity (see also NICE’s guideline on multimorbidity). ","1.4.22",2019]
[null,"Provide an annual review of care for adults with hypertension to monitor blood pressure, provide people with support, and discuss their lifestyle, symptoms and medication.","1.4.23",2004]
[null,"For an adult with type 2 diabetes on antihypertensive drug treatment when diabetes is diagnosed, review blood pressure control and medications used. Make changes only if there is poor control or if current drug treatment is not appropriate because of microvascular complications or metabolic problems. [This recommendation is from type 2 diabetes in adults (NICE guideline NG28)] ","1.4.24",2009]
[null,"Choosing antihypertensive drug treatment (for people with or without type 2 diabetes)"]
[null,"For guidance on choice of hypertensive agent in people with chronic kidney disease, see NICE’s guideline on chronic kidney disease in adults. If possible, offer treatment with drugs taken only once a day. ","1.4.25",2004]
[null,"Prescribe non-proprietary drugs if these are appropriate and minimise cost. ","1.4.26",2004]
[null,"Offer people with isolated systolic hypertension (systolic blood pressure 160 mmHg or more) the same treatment as people with both raised systolic and diastolic blood pressure. ","1.4.27",2004]
[null,"Offer antihypertensive drug treatment to women of childbearing potential with diagnosed hypertension in line with the recommendations in this guideline. For women considering pregnancy or who are pregnant or breastfeeding, manage hypertension in line with the recommendations on management of pregnancy with chronic hypertension and breastfeeding in NICE’s guideline on hypertension in pregnancy. ","1.4.28","2010, amended 2019"]
[null,"When choosing antihypertensive drug treatment for adults of black African or African–Caribbean family origin, consider an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), in preference to an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.","1.4.29",2019]
[null,"Step 1 treatment"]
[null,"Offer an ACE inhibitor or an ARB  to adults starting step 1 antihypertensive treatment who:\n•\thave type 2 diabetes and are of any age or family origin (see also recommendation 1.4.29 for adults of black African or African–Caribbean family origin) or\n•\tare aged under 55 but not of black African or African–Caribbean family origin. ","1.4.30",2019]
[null,"If an ACE inhibitor is not tolerated, for example because of cough, offer an ARB[1] to treat hypertension. ","1.4.31",2019]
[null,"Do not combine an ACE inhibitor with an ARB to treat hypertension. ","1.4.32",2019]
[null,"Offer a calcium-channel blocker (CCB) to adults starting step 1 antihypertensive treatment who:\n•\tare aged 55 or over and do not have type 2 diabetes or\n•\tare of black African or African–Caribbean family origin and do not have type 2 diabetes (of any age). ","1.4.33",2019]
[null,"If a CCB is not tolerated, for example because of oedema, offer a thiazide-like diuretic to treat hypertension. ","1.4.34",2019]
[null,"If there is evidence of heart failure, offer a thiazide-like diuretic and follow the NICE guideline on chronic heart failure. ","1.4.35",2019]
[null,"If starting or changing diuretic treatment for hypertension, offer a thiazide‑like diuretic, such as indapamide in preference to a conventional thiazide diuretic such as bendroflumethiazide or hydrochlorothiazide. ","1.4.36",2019]
[null,"For adults with hypertension already having treatment with bendroflumethiazide or hydrochlorothiazide, who have stable, well-controlled blood pressure, continue with their current treatment. ","1.4.37",2019]
[null,"Step 2 treatment"]
[null,"Before considering next step treatment for hypertension discuss with the person if they are taking their medicine as prescribed and support adherence in line with NICE’s guideline on medicines adherence.","1.4.38",2019]
[null,"If hypertension is not controlled in adults taking step 1 treatment of an ACE inhibitor or ARB, offer the choice of 1 of the following drugs in addition to step 1 treatment:\n•\ta CCB or \n•\ta thiazide-like diuretic. ","1.4.39",2019]
[null,"If hypertension is not controlled in adults taking step 1 treatment of a CCB, offer the choice of 1 of the following drugs in addition to step 1 treatment: \n•\tan ACE inhibitor or \n•\tan ARB or \na thiazide-like diuretic. ","1.4.40",2019]
[null,"If hypertension is not controlled in adults of black African or African–Caribbean family origin who do not have type 2 diabetes taking step 1 treatment, consider an ARB, in preference to an ACE inhibitor, in addition to step 1 treatment.","1.4.41",2019]
[null,"Step 3 treatment"]
[null,"Before considering next step treatment for hypertension: \n•\treview the person’s medications to ensure they are being taken at the optimal tolerated doses and \n•\tdiscuss adherence (see recommendation1.4.38).","1.4.42",2019]
[null,"If hypertension is not controlled in adults taking step 2 treatment, offer a combination of:\n•\tan ACE inhibitor or ARB (see also recommendation 1.4.30 for people of black African or African–Caribbean family origin) and \n•\ta CCB and \n•\ta thiazide-like diuretic. ","1.4.43",2019]
[null,"Step 4 treatment"]
[null,"If hypertension is not controlled in adults taking the optimal tolerated doses of an ACE inhibitor or an ARB plus a CCB and a thiazide-like diuretic, regard them as having resistant hypertension.","1.4.44",2019]
[null,"Before considering further treatment for a person with resistant hypertension:\n•\tConfirm elevated clinic blood pressure measurements using ambulatory or home blood pressure recordings. \n•\tAssess for postural hypotension. \n•\tDiscuss adherence (see recommendation 1.4.38).","1.4.45",2019]
[null,"For people with confirmed resistant hypertension, consider adding a fourth antihypertensive drug as step 4 treatment (see recommendations 1.4.46 to 1.4.48) or seeking specialist advice. ","1.4.46",2019]
[null,"Consider further diuretic therapy with low-dose spironolactone[2] for adults with resistant hypertension starting step 4 treatment who have a blood potassium level of 4.5 mmol/l or less. Use particular caution in people with a reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate because they have an increased risk of hyperkalaemia. ","1.4.47",2019]
[null,"When using further diuretic therapy for step 4 treatment of resistant hypertension, monitor blood sodium and potassium and renal function within 1 month of starting treatment and repeat as needed thereafter. ","1.4.48",2019]
[null,"Consider an alpha-blocker or beta-blocker for adults with resistant hypertension starting step 4 treatment who have a blood potassium level of more than 4.5 mmol/l. ","1.4.49",2019]
[null,"If blood pressure remains uncontrolled in people with resistant hypertension taking the optimal tolerated doses of 4 drugs, seek specialist advice. ","1.4.50",2019]
[null,"1.5   Identifying who to refer for same-day specialist review"]
[null,"If a person has severe hypertension (clinic blood pressure of 180/120 mmHg or higher), but no symptoms or signs indicating same-day referral (see recommendation 1.5.2), carry out investigations for target organ damage (see recommendation 1.3.3) as soon as possible:\n•\tIf target organ damage is identified, consider starting antihypertensive drug treatment immediately, without waiting for the results of ABPM or HBPM.\n•\tIf no target organ damage is identified, repeat clinic blood pressure measurement within 7 days. ","1.5.1",2019]
[null,"Refer people for specialist assessment, carried out on the same day, if they have a clinic blood pressure of 180/120 mmHg and higher with: \n•\tsigns of retinal haemorrhage or papilloedema (accelerated hypertension) or\n•\tlife-threatening symptoms such as new onset confusion, chest pain, signs of heart failure, or acute kidney injury. ","1.5.2",2019]
[null,"Refer people for specialist assessment, carried out on the same day if they have suspected phaeochromocytoma (for example, labile or postural hypotension, headache, palpitations, pallor, abdominal pain or diaphoresis). ","1.5.3",2019]